{"id":2981,"date":"2011-11-28T10:00:16","date_gmt":"2011-11-28T09:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/icdublinlibrary.wordpress.com\/?p=2981"},"modified":"2011-11-28T10:00:16","modified_gmt":"2011-11-28T09:00:16","slug":"jovellanos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/jovellanos\/","title":{"rendered":"Jovellanos: bicentenario de un Ilustrado \/ bicentenary of an Enlightened"},"content":{"rendered":"

La ciencia es sin disputa el mejor, el m\u00e1s brillante adorno del hombre.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Jovellanos, por Francisco de Goya<\/p><\/div>\n

Son palabras de Gaspar Melchor Jovellanos (1714-1811)<\/a>, del que hoy 28 de noviembre se conmemora el bicentenario de su muerte. Jurista, pol\u00edtico, intelectual y literato, Jovellanos fue una figura ideol\u00f3gica clave del siglo XVIII espa\u00f1ol.<\/p>\n

En su trayectoria pol\u00edtica, Jovellanos fue el paradigma de la Ilustraci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola. Proveniente de una familia de la peque\u00f1a nobleza asturiana, estudi\u00f3 derecho can\u00f3nico y se inclin\u00f3 hacia la magistratura. Ah\u00ed comenz\u00f3 su andadura por diversas instituciones de la corte de los Borbones y empez\u00f3 a codearse con otras mentes ilustradas <\/a>como Campomanes<\/a>. De esta forma hicieron mella en \u00e9l los nuevos valores de la Ilustraci\u00f3n, que no est\u00e1 de m\u00e1s recordar: el predominio de la raz\u00f3n, la ciencia, el reparto de las riquezas, la secularizaci\u00f3n de la vida p\u00fablica, la liberalizaci\u00f3n del suelo\u2026 En definitiva, el germen del estado liberal moderno. Sin embargo, la Ilustraci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola fue de tinte m\u00e1s moderado, m\u00e1s te\u00f3rica que pr\u00e1ctica, y sus representantes, con Jovellanos a la cabeza, abogaban m\u00e1s por una reforma que por una verdadera revoluci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Tras el estallido de la Revoluci\u00f3n Francesa, la carrera pol\u00edtica de Jovellanos sufre poco a poco el azote antiilustrado, hasta acabar incluso entre rejas. A pesar de ello, mantuvo una fren\u00e9tica actividad pol\u00edtica de la que cabe destacar su propuesta de reforma de la Inquisici\u00f3n, la reforma de la ense\u00f1anza y su Informe sobre la Ley Agraria.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pero si su reconocimiento ha llegado hasta nuestros d\u00edas, se debe sin duda a su faceta de literato. Adem\u00e1s de sus ensayos sobre diferentes disciplinas, cultiv\u00f3 la poes\u00eda, el teatro y el g\u00e9nero autobiogr\u00e1fico. Asimismo, Jovellanos fue un eslab\u00f3n fundamental en las relaciones ideol\u00f3gicas entre Espa\u00f1a y otros pa\u00edses europeos como las Islas Brit\u00e1nicas, de las que formaba parte entonces Irlanda. Prueba de ello son su profusa correspondencia con Lord Holland<\/a> y la primera traducci\u00f3n al espa\u00f1ol de El para\u00edso perdido<\/em> <\/a>de John Milton.<\/p>\n

En resumen, un perfil muy completo y jugoso que merece la pena explorar en un periodo tambi\u00e9n de convulsi\u00f3n ideol\u00f3gica como son los albores del siglo XXI.<\/p>\n

\n

Science is no doubt the best and\u00a0<\/em>most brilliant ornament of mankind.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

These are the words of Gaspar Melchor Jovellanos <\/a>(1714-1811), a jurist, a statesman, a philosopher, a writer, and a key ideological figure of the Spanish 18th century. Today, 28th November, we commemorate the bicentenary of his death.<\/p>\n

In his political career he was the paradigm of the Spanish Age of Enlightenment. His family belonged to the small Asturian nobility. He studied canonical law and became a judge. He subsequently held key political positions in several institutions of The Borb\u00f3n\u2019s Court, where he got in contact with other prominent representatives of the Enlightenment such as Campomanes. That\u2019s how he was deeply influenced by the new ideals of the Enlightenment, which are worth remembering: power of reason, science, distribution of wealth, secularisation, liberalisation of land\u2026 In short, the roots of the modern liberal state. However, the Enlightenment inSpain was more moderate, rather a theoretical than a practical movement, and its representatives, headed by Jovellanos, pleaded for a reform of the social, economic and political structures instead of a real revolution.<\/p>\n

Following the outbreak of the French Revolution, Jovellanos\u2019 political career gradually suffered the persecution against the Enlightenment defenders and he even ended up in jail. Nevertheless he was actively involved in the political scene with a special focus on the reform of the Spanish Inquisition, the reform of the education system and his report on the reform of the agriculture law.<\/p>\n

However, his recognition has survived until today thanks to his literary career. Besides his many essays on different topics he also wrote poetry, drama and his memories. Furthermore, Jovellanos represented an essential link of the ideological relations between Spainand other European countries such as the Britain Isles, which included Ireland at that time. Proof of that is the large correspondence he exchanged with Lord Holland<\/a> and the first translation into Spanish of Paradise Lost<\/em> <\/a>by John Milton.<\/p>\n

In summary, Jovellanos represents a complete and intriguing figure that is worth exploring at a moment of ideological upheaval as it is the dawn of this 21st<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La ciencia es sin disputa el mejor, el m\u00e1s brillante adorno del hombre. Son palabras de Gaspar Melchor Jovellanos (1714-1811), del que hoy 28 de noviembre se conmemora el bicentenario de su muerte. Jurista, pol\u00edtico, intelectual y literato, Jovellanos fue una figura ideol\u00f3gica clave del siglo XVIII espa\u00f1ol. En su trayectoria pol\u00edtica, Jovellanos fue el […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4,30,18,19,61],"tags":[235,239,399],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2981"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/dublin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}