{"id":12630,"date":"2017-11-03T18:19:45","date_gmt":"2017-11-03T22:19:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/?p=12630"},"modified":"2018-01-19T17:31:31","modified_gmt":"2018-01-19T22:31:31","slug":"tesoros-escondidos-en-la-biblioteca-el-galeon-san-jose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/2017\/11\/03\/tesoros-escondidos-en-la-biblioteca-el-galeon-san-jose\/","title":{"rendered":"Tesoros escondidos en la biblioteca: el gale\u00f3n San Jos\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Gale\u00f3n<\/a><\/p>\n

El 8 de junio de 1708 el gale\u00f3n espa\u00f1ol \u201cSan Jos\u00e9\u201d fue hundido por un ca\u00f1onazo ingl\u00e9s frente a las islas Rosario (Colombia), durante la batalla de Bar\u00fa.<\/p>\n

El San Jos\u00e9 llevaba en su interior 116 barriles de esmeraldas, treinta millones de monedas de oro y una cantidad indeterminada de plata peruana y perlas de las Antillas. El almirante Villanueva anot\u00f3 al rey que no ten\u00eda constancia de qu\u00e9 hab\u00eda sido \u00abde una caja de perlas enviadas del Rio de La Hacha como parte del quinto real que correspond\u00eda a la corona\u00bb. Las perlas hab\u00edan estado en posesi\u00f3n del conde de Casa Alegre, que las recibi\u00f3 en nombre del rey. Villanueva no pudo aclarar si Casa Alegre hab\u00eda dejado las perlas en Cartagena o si se las hab\u00eda llevado con la flota a Portobelo (ahora en Panam\u00e1). De ser as\u00ed, la caja con las perlas descansar\u00eda en el fondo del mar junto al San Jos\u00e9 y el propio conde.<\/p>\n

La cuantiosa carga era esperada ansiosamente por el rey Felipe V de Espa\u00f1a, en medio de la Guerra de Sucesi\u00f3n en el siglo XVIII.<\/p>\n

El enigma del pecio del San Jos\u00e9 motiv\u00f3 leyendas y obras literarias como El amor en los tiempos de c\u00f3lera<\/em>, del nobel colombiano Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez. En la novela, Florentino Ariza quer\u00eda sumergirse en las aguas cartageneras para encontrar y entregarle el tesoro perdido a su querida Fermina Daza.<\/p>\n

En El amor en los tiempos del c\u00f3lera<\/em> se narra que el San Jos\u00e9 estaba recostado en un fondo de corales, y que escond\u00eda \u201ctrescientos ba\u00fales con plata del Per\u00fa y Veracruz, y ciento diez ba\u00fales de perlas reunidas y contadas en la isla de Contadora\u201d, adem\u00e1s de \u201cciento diecis\u00e9is ba\u00fales de esmeraldas de Muzo y Somondoco y treinta millones de monedas de oro\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cVarias veces al a\u00f1o se concentraban en la bah\u00eda las flotas de galeones cargados con los caudales de Potos\u00ed, de Quito, de Veracruz, y la ciudad viv\u00eda entonces los que fueron sus a\u00f1os de gloria. El viernes 8 de junio de 1708 a las cuatro de la tarde, el gale\u00f3n San Jos\u00e9 que acababa de zarpar para C\u00e1diz con un cargamento de piedras y metales preciosos por medio mill\u00f3n de millones de pesos de la \u00e9poca, fue hundido por una escuadra inglesa frente a la entrada del puerto, y dos siglos largos despu\u00e9s no hab\u00eda sido a\u00fan rescatado. Aquella fortuna yacente en fondos de corales, con el cad\u00e1ver del comandante flotando de medio lado en el puesto de mando, sol\u00eda ser evocada por los historiadores como el emblema de la ciudad ahogada en los recuerdos\u2026\u201d.\u00a0 (Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez)<\/p>\n

On June 8, 1708, the Spanish galleon \u00abSan Jos\u00e9\u00bb was sunk by an English cannon in front of the Rosario Islands (Colombia) during the Battle of Bar\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\n

The San Jose had in its interior 116 barrels of emeralds, thirty million gold coins and an indeterminate amount of Peruvian silver and pearls from the Antilles. Admiral Villanueva wrote to the king that he had no record of what had been \u00abfrom a box of pearls sent from the Rio de la Hacha as part of the royal fifth that corresponded to the crown.\u00bb The pearls had been in the possession of the count of Casa Alegre, who received them in the name of the king. Villanueva could not clarify if Casa Alegre had left the pearls in Cartagena or if he had taken them with the fleet to Portobelo (now in Panama). If so, the box with the pearls would rest at the bottom of the sea next to San Jos\u00e9 and the count himself.<\/span><\/p>\n

The enormous burden was eagerly awaited by King Philip V of Spain, in the midst of the War of Succession in the eighteenth century.<\/span><\/p>\n

The enigma of the San Jos\u00e9 wreck motivated legends and literary works such as El amor en los tiempos del c\u00f3lera<\/em>, by the Colombian Nobel Prize winner Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez. In the novel, Florentino Ariza wanted to immerse himself in the waters of Cartagena to find and deliver the lost treasure to his beloved Fermina Daza.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the novel Love in the Time of Cholera<\/em>, it is narrated that the San Jos\u00e9 was reclining on a background of corals, and hiding \u00abthree hundred trunks with silver from Peru and Veracruz, and one hundred and ten trunks of pearls gathered and counted on the island of Contadora\u00bb, in addition to \u00abone hundred and sixteen trunks of emeralds of Muzo and Somondoco and thirty million gold coins\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abSeveral times a year the fleets of galleons loaded with the volumes of Potos\u00ed, of Quito, of Veracruz, were concentrated in the bay, and the city lived then those that were its years of glory. On Friday, June 8, 1708 at four o’clock in the afternoon, the San Jose galleon that had just set sail for C\u00e1diz with a cargo of stones and precious metals for half a billion pesos of the time, was sunk by an English squadron in front of at the entrance to the port, and two centuries later it had not yet been rescued. That fortune lying in coral funds, with the corpse of the commander floating sideways in the command post, used to be evoked by historians as the emblem of the city drowned in memories … \u00ab. (Gabriel Garcia Marquez)<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El 8 de junio de 1708 el gale\u00f3n espa\u00f1ol \u201cSan Jos\u00e9\u201d fue hundido por un ca\u00f1onazo ingl\u00e9s frente a las islas Rosario (Colombia), durante la batalla de Bar\u00fa. El San Jos\u00e9 llevaba en su interior 116 barriles de esmeraldas, treinta millones de monedas de oro y una cantidad indeterminada de plata peruana y perlas de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,582],"tags":[638,607,578],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12630"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12630"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12669,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12630\/revisions\/12669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cervantes.es\/nyork\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}